Blountville, TN Office: (423) 323-7969
Knoxville, TN Office: (865) 275-7969

Vapor Intrusion Studies

Vapor intrusion occurs when vapor-forming chemicals in soil or groundwater migrate upward into buildings and enclosed spaces. Wingfield Environmental helps property owners, businesses, and developers assess, confirm, and mitigate these risks—keeping indoor environments safe.

 

Understanding vapor intrusion

Concerns about vapor intrusion first emerged in the 1980s with discoveries of radon entering buildings from natural sources. Today, we know that vapors from man-made contaminants—especially petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents—can move through soil, groundwater, and utility conduits to impact indoor air quality.

These vapor-forming chemicals may include:

  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene

  • Select semivolatile organic compounds such as naphthalene

  • Elemental mercury

  • Certain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides

At elevated levels, these vapors can pose near-term safety hazards like explosion or acute health effects. Even at lower concentrations, chronic exposure may present long-term health concerns—making early evaluation critical.

Understanding vapor intrusion

You should consider a vapor intrusion assessment if your property:

  • Is located near a current or former gas station, dry cleaner, industrial site, or auto repair facility

  • Has known or suspected soil or groundwater contamination beneath or adjacent to it

  • Shows odors or unexplained indoor air quality concerns

  • Is undergoing redevelopment or construction on a site with historical commercial or industrial use

What We Do

Wingfield Environmental provides comprehensive vapor intrusion services to evaluate and, when necessary, mitigate risk:

  • Screening and site review – Evaluate available records, soil, and groundwater data to determine potential vapor pathways.

  • Soil gas, sub-slab, and indoor air sampling – Collect and analyze air samples to measure vapor concentrations and identify sources.

  • Risk evaluation – Compare results to state and EPA guidelines to determine if a mitigation response is needed.

  • Mitigation design and oversight – Develop and oversee installation of vapor mitigation systems such as sub-slab depressurization or enhanced venting.

  • Regulatory coordination – Communicate with environmental agencies to ensure compliance and support closure documentation.

What You Receive​

 

  • A clear, signed report summarizing sampling results, figures, and regulatory comparisons

  • Laboratory certificates and data packages

  • Mitigation recommendations when needed, tailored to your site and structure

  • Documentation suitable for lenders, developers, and regulators

Why Choose Us?

You get seasoned Environmental Professionals, responsive scheduling, and reports that hold up under review. Our job is to reduce uncertainty and help you decide what to do next—nothing more complicated than that.